A Descriptive Study to
Assess the Level of Knowledge Related to Labour
Process among Primigravida in selected Hospitals of
Punjab and Haryana
Ms. Nisha
Walia1, Mrs. P. Vadivukkarasi Ramanadin2,
Ms. Kiran3
1M.Sc. Nursing II Year, Mata Sahib Kaur
College of Nursing, Mohali, Punjab.
2Asst. Professor, Dept. of OBG (N)., Mata
Sahib Kaur College of Nursing, Mohali,
Punjab.
3Lecturer, Dept. of OBG (N), Mata Sahib Kaur
College of Nursing, Mohali, Punjab.
*Corresponding Author Email: krishraghav2010@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Becoming a mother is an important stage in every womans life.
First time mothers in particular may feel anxious about how they are going to cope
with themselves. With this aim the researcher made an attempt to assess and
correlated the knowledge and anxiety on labour
process. A quantitative research approach with descriptive design was adopted.
The sample consists of 100 primigravida by purposive
sampling technique. Structured interview schedule was used to collect the data
from primigravida. The collected data were analyzed
by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Study findings shows that the
majority of the primigravida i.e. 43% belongs to the
age group of less than 23 years, 33% of the primigravida
were studied till metric class, majority (81%) of primigravida
were house wives, 53% of primigravida were from the
families having monthly income of less than Rs.10,000/-,
52% of primigravida were housewives, majority (59%)
of the primigravida were from nuclear family and 41%
of primigravida gained knowledge on labour
from their family. It also shows that 53% of the primigravida
had good level of knowledge, followed by 30% of them had average level of
knowledge, 11% had excellent level of knowledge and only 6% of them had low
level of knowledge. The study findings show that there is an association
between the level of knowledge and education, occupation and source of
information.
KEY
WORDS: Primigravida,
Labour process, Structured Interview schedule, Structured knowledge questionnaire, Purposive sampling
technique.
INTRODUCTION:
Becoming a mother is an important stage in
every womans life. Most different period for women is their growth into
parenthood is precisely pregnancy and delivering period. Conception is the
beginning of life of the fetus and a new beginning for the whole family in the
form of additional new member and changing relationship. When woman pregnant
first time may feel more anxious about how they are going to cope with themselves. Though pregnancy is wonderful and very joyful
news in most of womens life, on the same part the women will have emotional
disturbances towards the physical changes in her and the process of child
birth. Pregnancy is the vital event in the life of a women, it need
special attention from the time of conception to the postnatal stage, every
pregnancy is a unique experience for that women and each pregnancy the women
experience will be new and adequately different.
OBJECTIVES:
·
To
assess the level of knowledge regarding labour
process among primigravida
·
To
associate the level of knowledge with selected socio-demographic variables.
NULL HYPOTHESES:
·
H0: There is no
adequate level of knowledge regarding
labour process among primigravida
at 0.05 level of significance
·
H0: There is no
association between level of knowledge regarding labour process among primigravida and
selected socio-demographic variables at 0.05 level of significance
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Research
Approach:
A quantitative research approach is used
for the present study.
Research
Design:
Descriptive
research design was adopted.
Research
Setting:
The study was conducted in the Obstetrics
O.P.D and Antenatal Clinic in the Civil hospital;
phase 6 Mohali.
Target
Population:
The target population of the present study
was all primigravida mother who attending the
outpatient department of Civil hospital, Phase 6, Mohali.
Sample
and Sampling Technique:
Sample for the present study comprised of
100 primigravida women who fulfill the inclusion
criteria. Non probability, purposive sampling technique was used to draw sample
from the population.
Inclusion
and Exclusion Criteria:
Inclusion
criteria:
Inclusion criteria for the study are the primigravida women
·
attending
the Antenatal Outpatient Department (OPD) of Civil Hospital, Phase-6 of Mohali
·
Primigravida
mothers in Civil Hospital, phase-6 Mohali
·
in 3rd
trimester
·
able
to read and write Hindi
·
available
during data collection period
·
willing
to participate in the study
Exclusion criteria:
Exclusion criteria for the present study
are primigravida women
o
In 1st
and 2nd trimester
o
With labour pain
o
With
medical and surgical illness
Selection
and Development of Tool(s):
Self-administered structured
knowledge questionnaire was developed to assess the knowledge of primigravida mothers regarding labour
process. It consist of two sections. Section I
includes 7 variables such as age, educational status, occupation, family
income, religion, type of family ad source of information. Section II consist
consists of 20 items to assess the
knowledge of primigravida mothers on labour process. Level of Knowledge was assessed on the
following grading.
|
Level
of knowledge |
Score |
|
Poor |
0-5 |
|
Average |
6-10 |
|
Good |
10-15 |
|
Excellent |
16-20 |
RESULTS:
TABLE
- 1: Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Primigravida
Women According To Their Socio- Demographic Variables
N=100
|
Sl. No |
Socio- demographic variables |
Frequency (f) |
Percentage (%) |
|
|
1 |
Age |
≤ 23 years |
43 |
43.0 |
|
24
27 years |
41 |
41.0 |
||
|
≥
28 years |
16 |
16.0 |
||
|
2 |
Educational status |
Non
Formal education |
3 |
3.0 |
|
Primary |
7 |
7.0 |
||
|
Matric |
33 |
33.0 |
||
|
Higher
Secondary |
29 |
29.0 |
||
|
Graduate |
17 |
17.0 |
||
|
Post
Graduate |
11 |
11.0 |
||
|
3 |
Occupational status |
Working
|
19 |
19.0 |
|
Housewife |
81 |
81.0 |
||
|
4 |
Monthly income of the family |
≤
Rs.10000/- |
53 |
53.0 |
|
Rs
10001 25000/- |
37 |
37.0 |
||
|
Rs
25001 40000/- |
8 |
8.0 |
||
|
≥ Rs 40001/- |
2 |
2.0 |
||
|
5 |
Religion |
Hindu |
52 |
52.0 |
|
Muslim |
9 |
9.0 |
||
|
Sikh |
39 |
39.0 |
||
|
6 |
Type of family |
Nuclear |
59 |
59.0 |
|
Joint |
41 |
41.0 |
||
|
7 |
Source of Information on Labour process |
Family |
41 |
41.0 |
|
Friends |
10 |
10.0 |
||
|
Health
Workers |
35 |
35.0 |
||
|
Mass
Media |
13 |
13.0 |
||
|
Newspaper |
1 |
1.0 |
||
Table: 1 shows
that the majority of the primigravida i.e. 43%
belongs to the age group of less than 23 years, 33% of the primigravida
were studied till metric class, majority (81%) of primigravida
were house wives, 53% of primigravida were from the
families having monthly income of less than Rs.10,000/-,
52% of primigravida were housewives, majority (59%)
of the primigravida were from nuclear family and 41%
of primigravida gained knowledge on labour
from their family.
TABLE 2: Level of knowledge regarding labour
process among primigravida
N = 100
|
Sr.
No |
Level
of Knowledge on labour process |
Frequency
(f) |
Mean
Percentage (%) |
|
1 |
Poor |
6 |
6.0 |
|
2 |
Average |
30 |
30.0 |
|
3 |
Good |
53 |
53.0 |
|
4 |
Excellent |
11 |
11.0 |
|
Total |
100 |
100.0 |
|
The analysis of the Table 2 shows that the
level knowledge regarding labour process. It shows
that the majority of the primigravida i.e. 53% had
good level of knowledge, followed by 30% of them had average level of
knowledge, 11% had excellent level of knowledge and only 6% of them had low
level of knowledge.
TABLE
3: Association between level of knowledge regarding labour
process among primigravida with selected socio
demographic variables N
= 100
|
Sl.No |
Socio- demographic variables |
Frequency (f) |
Test of significance |
|
|
1 |
Age Group |
≤ 23 years |
10.81 |
F test = 0.106 p = 0.899, NS |
|
24 27 years |
11.73 |
|||
|
≥ 28 years |
11.44 |
|||
|
2 |
Educational status |
Non Formal education |
10.33 |
F test = 7.101** p = 0.0001 |
|
Primary |
7.71 |
|||
|
Matric |
10.00 |
|||
|
Higher Secondary |
11.38 |
|||
|
Graduate |
14.41 |
|||
|
Post Graduate |
12.64 |
|||
|
3 |
Occupational status |
Working |
13.47 |
T test = 3.153** p = 0.002 |
|
Housewife |
10.78 |
|||
|
4 |
Monthly income of the family |
≤
Rs.10000/- |
10.02 |
F test = 2.416 p = 0.071, NS |
|
Rs 10001 25000/- |
12.70 |
|||
|
Rs 25001 40000/- |
12.75 |
|||
|
≥ Rs 40001/- |
13.00 |
|||
|
5 |
Religion |
Hindu |
11.12 |
F test = 0.845 p = 0.433, NS |
|
Muslim |
10.22 |
|||
|
Sikh |
11.77 |
|||
|
6 |
Type of family |
Nuclear |
11.20 |
T test = 0.295 p = 0.768, NS |
|
Joint |
11.41 |
|||
|
7 |
Source of Information on Labour
process |
Family |
11.95 |
F test = 2.547** p = 0.044 |
|
Friends |
8.30 |
|||
|
Health Workers |
11.63 |
|||
|
Mass Media |
10.69 |
|||
|
Newspaper |
10.00 |
|||
**
Significant, NS: Non Significant
Table: 3 shows that there is an association
between the level of knowledge and educational status, occupational status and
source of information on labour process
CONCLUSION:
The present study shows that primigravida have moderate level of knowledge on labor
process. They must be educated regarding labour
process.
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Received on 07.10.2013 Modified on 02.12.2013
Accepted on 15.12.2013 ©
A&V Publication all right reserved
Asian J. Nur. Edu. & Research 4(3): July- Sept., 2014; Page 273-275